Locomotive



.I Aug. 5, 1930. s. s.A RII-:GEL 1,772,268

LOCOMOTIVE Filed Sept. 18, 1924 '7 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR WX m, lh Sv I l l| UH Il |11|1|T Irllliuxlllh ll h,

A TTORNEYS S. S. RIEGEL Aug. 5, 19.30.

LOCOMOTIVE Filed Sept. 18 1924 '7 Sheets-Sheet IN VEN TOR w50@ ATTORNEYS Aug. 5, 1930.

s. s. RIEGEL- LOCOMOTIVE Filed Sept. 18. 1924 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 .INVENTOR 1f Mw A Trop/v5 v5' S. S. RIEGEL Aug. 5, 1930.

LocoMoTlIvE Filed sept. 18 1924 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Aug. 5,1930. s. s. RIEGEL 1,772,268

LOCOMOTIVE Filed Sept. 18, 1924 7 Sheets-Sheet- 5 g Arrow/Ex@ IN VEN TOR S. S. RIEGEL LOCOMOTIVE Aug. 5, 1930.

Filed Sept. 18, 1924 7' Sheets-Sheet g jvwilyvrog.

A TTORNEYS Aug. 5, 1930. s. s. RIEGEL 1,772,263

LocoMoTIvE Filed' sept. 18 1924 7 sheets-sheet 7 `1N VEN TOR ATToRNEx/ l Patented Aug. 5, 1930 UNITED STATES ice SALVFU'ELy S. RIEGEL, OFF SGB/ANTON, PENNSYLVANIA LOCOMOTIVE Application led September 18, 1924. Serial No. 738,358.

This invention relates to locomotives and it has for one of its primary objects the provision of a practicable high pressure locomotive boiler, by virtue of Which the economies incident to the utilization of high pressure steam may be effectively realized.

More specifically itis one of the objects of my invention to provide a high pressure locomotive boiler which may be kept within clearance and also weight limits, while still having requisite strength to withstand the high pressure contemplated. n

Still another object is to provide a high pressure boiler for locomotives in which diiiiculties in connection with expansion and contraction are avoided.

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a high pressure boiler in which the employment of stay bolts is obviated.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a high pressure boiler for locomotives in which the heat developing mechanism and the steam generating mechanism are independent of one another in so far as pressures are concerned; and the provision of a means for applying the heat developed to the evaporating surfaces of the boiler in such manner that this end may be brought about.

My invention also contemplates an arrangement whereby a dome of very large volume may be employed, the consequent reduction in velocity of steam passing therethrough eliminating certain of the difficulties encountered in ordinary practice Where the velocity of steam through the dome is exceedingly rapid, carrying over Water into the superheater, which then functions as an evaporator of water instead of a drier of steam.

My invention further contemplates an ar- 40 rangement whereby low Water conditions which are so detrimental and dangerous in standard practice do not constitute a source of hazard.

Still another object of thel invention is to provide an arrangement whereby a greater average quantity of heat is transferred for use in evaporating water under maximum and average conditions.

An additional object of the invention is to provide an arrangement in Which heat is automatically stored and available to minimizey the effects of standing or drifting for va considerable period. i

Another object of theinvention is to pro'- vide an arrangement whereby compounding vcan be accomplished with none of the usual Of the drawings Figs. l and la, together,

constitute a vlongitudinal Ysection through a locomotive boiler embodying my improvements; j

F ig. 2 is an enlarged section taken on the line Q-Q of Fig. l; i

Fig. 3 is a partial end elevation and partial transverse section of the fire box end of .the boiler', drawn on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 4.--4 of Fig. 3 Y

Fig. 5 is a section taken on the line 55 of Fig. l, drawn on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 6A is a section taken on the line 6*(5 of Fig. la, also on an enlarged scale;

Figs. 7 views of a detail of my improvements.

Referring now to-Figs. l and la the reference` character A denotes the combustion chamber or tire box in which the fuel is burned; the reference character B indicates what may be termed the barrel of the locomotive; and the reference character C denotes the `front end or smoke box of the locomotive, in advance of the barrel. Since the combustion chamber or fire boxV and the'barrelare vand 8 are sectional and elevational formed in part by the boiler mechanism, they will be described in association with the latter.

The boiler is of drum type, including a pair of upper drums 7 and 8, placed end to end', longitudinally of the locomotive, and spaced apart in order to accommodate the steam dome 9 therebetween for the purpose, among other things, of keeping within clearance limits; and the lower drum 10 which also extends longitudinally of the locomotive, from the front end rearwardly to the lire box. The side plates 11 and 12 have their lower edges secured to the drinn 10 and the Vmud ring 26 and their upper edges to the plate i3 and drums 7 and 8 and the steam dome 9; the drums, steam dome, and plates cooperating to constitute the barrel of tlie locomotive, as

' will be seen on inspection of Fig. 5.

The drums and the steam dome are of comparatively small diameter so as to provide maximum strength withminimum weight of metal to resist the high pressures which maT if desired, be carried far in excess of present practice, say, in the neighborhood of from three hundred tofour hundred pounds or more. The dome 9 is in the form ofv adrum and is disposed transverse of the locomotive between the drums 7 and 8, an arrangement which makes it possible to secure a dome'of maximum volume and correspondingly slow velocity of the steam as it passes therethrough. I The front of the barrel isclosed by the flue sheets 13 and the flange 14 of the cylindrical member 15 which constitutes the means for oining the barrel and front end. At the rear end of the barrel is the flue sheet 16. A plurality of bent, somewhat arcuate tubes 17 connect the upper drum 8 with the lower drum 10 as shown in Figs. 1a and 5. rThere are two banks of vsuch tubes, the banksl extending for approximately the full length of the drum 8, and each bank being preferably several tubes deep. Pairs of these tubes are also preferably connected at the ends so as to provide a single inlet 18 and a single outlet 19 for each pair, that is to say, pairs of tubes are connected in parallel to facilitate and simplify their connection to the drum.

Similarly arranged tubes 17a connect the rear portion of the drum 10 with the forward portion of the drum 7. The curvature ofthe tubes 17 `and 17 takes care of expansion and contraction.

Thecombustion chamber A superficially vcorresponds to the usual one in locomotives;

that is to say, as far as physical structure goes, it is composed of an linside and an outside fire box. The inside box comprises the l'iue sheet 16 already described, the inside throatshcet 20, the inside side sheets 21, the

inside back sheet 22, and the crown sheet 23. The outside box comprises the outside throat sheet'24l, the back sheet 25 and a continuation outside box.

"tion of Fig. 3.

of the side sheets 11 and 12 previously described, which continuation constitutes the outside side sheet of the outside lire box. These side sheets together with the drum 7 and the cover L13 constitute the roof of the y Thus the inside and outside boxes provide the usual spaces herebetween although, as will further appear, I ,de not utilize these spaces in the usual manner.

rFhe bottom of the space between the boxes is closed by a mud ring 26, in this case hollow and in the form of a drum, capable of withstanding high pressures. Tubes 17b connect the mud ring 26 with the drum 7 and pass through the side spaces between the in side and outside boxes and similar tubes 17, 1passing through the space between the back sheets 22 and 25, connect the mud ring 26 with the drum 7, such tubes being disposed so as to provide and take care of thev usual firing opening 27, as will be olea-ron inspeci A plurality ofv tubes 28 connect the drum 1() with the mud ring 26, such tubes passing throughthe throat and taking rfrom the lower portion of the drum 10. In.

advance of the tubes 28, the drum is provided with an upstanding baille 29 to prevent mud from passing into the tubes 28. The mud ring 26 is provided with a plurality of plugs 31 provided for cleanout purposes-and also for expanding and cleaning of the various tubes. l

Leading forwardly from the flue sheet 16 to the line sheet 32, are large fines 32, 33 and 34l'which discharge at their forward ends into the compartment 35 formed by the flue sheet 32a, the flue sheet 36 and the substantially cylindrical barrel portion 37. These large lues 32, 33 and 341 may constitute, in effect, a portion of the combustion space. The tubes 17, which serve to connect the drum 10 with the drum 7, pass through the spaces between these large iiues, as will be clear on inspection of Fig. 2. and between the spaces between tubes 17a, the small fines 38y extend from the flue sheet 16 to the iiue sheet 32a, as will be clear on inspection of Figs. 1 and 2.

AThese small flues 38 correspond to the usual ues employed in the standard form of locomotive boiler'.

Extending forwardly from the flue sheet 36 to the fiue sheet 13 are large flues a and located within the barrel, as will be'clear on inspection of Figs. 1 and. 5. A plurality of small flues 39 also connect these two flue sheets, certainof such tubes passing through the spaces between the tubes 17, as will be seen in Fig. 5.

The space between the lire boxes, the space over the crown sheet, the spaces between the 'for la heat transmitting medium which is a solid materiah i. e., a material which is i solid at atmospheric temperatures, but which becomes liquid when heated above such temperatures. This medium should be preferably inert to metal and relatively non-vola tile at the temperatures obtained in locomotives.

It will be seen from the foregoing that the tubes 17, the tlues 39, the flues a and b, the tubes 171, the flues 38, and the large flues 32, 33 and 34, the tubes 17h, the tubes 17, and the tubes 28 are surrounded by this medum. Also that the crown sheet is covered thereby, as is the upper surface of the mud ring 26, the enclosed portion of the drum 10, and the enclosed portions of the drums 7 and 8 and the dome 9. The heat developed by the combustion of the fuel in the fire boX is, therefore, indirectly transmitted to the evaporating surfaces of the boiler through this medium.

Among the advantages incident to this arrangement, the followingmay be mentioned. The steam generating apparatus (i. e., the tubes 17, 17a, 17 b, 17c together with the drums and mud ring) which, if desired, will carry steam atexceedingly high pressures, and the heat developing parts (i. e., the walls of the combustion chamber and the fines) are independent of one another in so far as pressures are concerned, and stay bolts are eliminated. The parts which hold the heat transmitting medium are nothing more nor less than a simple container, not subject to pressure and, therefore, they may be made of very light construction. Since the parts in which combustion takes place and through which the products of combustion are passed are independent of the boiler, these parts, also, may be made of lighter construction than usual. The crown sheet is always covered and therefore low water conditions do not constitute a hazard. The steam pressure in the generating apparatus can, by this arrangement, be appreciably raised to any desired high point, considerably above the pressure which could be safely carried under present boiler structures wherein the parts in which combustion takes place are, in effect. part of the boiler. In so far as the transfer of heat is concerned, this can be done with less ross and a greater average quantity of heat can be transferred for use under maximum and average conditions than heretofore. In addition, heat is stored in the heat transmitting medium within limited quantities, making the apparatus, as a whole, more efficient'in this respect, because the effects of standing or drifting do not immediately manifest themselves as in standard practice. As a precautionary measure, I may employ relief valves l in case a heat transmitting medium is employed which volatilizes to some extent at high temperatures.

In accorda-nce with my invention it is also possible to use water und'errelative'ly high pressure as a heat transmitting medium for inder.

the reason that water, underk pressure, does not evaporate readily. In such an arrange,.- ment, however, the container parts would have to be stay bolted and of strongery con* struction and relief valves, if employed, would have to be constructed to operate only at very high pressures, i. e., at pressures at which hazard would be involved in connection with the containing parts.

Referring now to the means for superheating the steam generated, attentionfis directed to Figs. 1 and 2, on inspection of which it will be seen that extending rearwardly from the steam dome 9, on opposite sides of the drum 7, are provided pair of superheater headers 41, suitably connected to the dome, such headers having connected therewith usual superheater tubes 42 which pass downwardly into the cover 43 between the side sheets 11 and 12 andv the drums 7, and thence rearwardly. These superheater tubes, of course, are immersed in the heat transmitting medium and the steam taken from the dome and passing therethrough is superheated by the absorption of heat from such medium.l The superheated steam discharges from the superheatertubes 42 into headers 44, from which it is conducted forwardly by a dry pipe 45. i

In the present instance, I term the superheatcr just described a first stage superheater because the locomotive shown is of the compound class. The steam is superheated to some extent in this superheater and is then passed to the high pressure cyl!4 Compound locomotives havewnot been as effective as might be desired and there are n quite a good many tlifliculties and complications, both in structure and in operation, incident to this standard class of locomotive. By my invention and the combination Vof a high pressure boiler with compounding cylinders, I am enabled to eliminate the usual difficulties and complicationsin structure and operation and can construct. the cylinders in a very simple, eiiicient and compact way. In fact, I may combine a high pressure with two low pressure cylinders in the saddle casting.

. If now Fig. 6 be examined, it will be seen that the cylinder casting or saddle casting 416 carries a central high pressurer cylinder 417 and two low pressure cylinders 48, steam from the dry pipe 15 being conducted to the chest 4119 of the high pressure cylinder by means of the pipe 50 (see Figs. 1a and 6). The exhaust steam from the high pressure cylinder led to a manifold D by the eX- haustconnection 51, such exhaust steambeing led from the manifold through the two banks of tubes 52 of the second stage superheater. These banks of tubes 52 extend within the fines a and Zi previously described,

wherein they are subjected to the hot prod- -ucts of combustion.

The steam superheated in these tubes is returned tomanifold D and from thence is led to thechests 58 of the low pressure cylinders 48 by means of the steam pipes 54. The exhaust from the chests 53 passes through the nozzle 55 and is utilized to create draft in the usualmanner. The specific construction of manifold will be described hereinafter.

By virtue of the high pressures I am enabled-to carry and by reason of the increase in 'temperature resulting` from the superhea-ting of the steam, as described, I cannot only bring about increased horse power developmeiit but also obtain this with cylinders of a size makingit possible to compactly and simply arrange suoli cylinders. as for example in the saddle casting as set forth. This ils over and above the increasedV economies which result from the uso of high pressure steam itself.

Referring' now to Figs. 6, 7 and 8. together, one half the manifold will be described. rflie eXhaust steamA from the high pressure steam chest passels intoA a compartment c within the manifold, suoli compartment having vertical legs d, e and f. rlhe intake portions of the super-heater tubes 52 lead from 52a outwardly and rearwardly therefrom, exten di ng into the flues a and l). The return portions 52b of the superheater flues 52 discharge into the legs g V*and h of *the compartment z'. The steam pipe 54 opens from compartment z' conducting* the superheated ,steam to a low pressure steam chest; Itk willbe understood that the other half of the Vmanifold is of the same construction, the two having been cross connected by` the branches 56 and 57, so thatV there is no pressure in the manifold and lowA .pressure steam chests, and closing when there is substantial pressure therein.` It will be observed that the by-pass leadls to the manifold chamber discharging into a steam pipe .l rlhe operation of this device is as follows. lVhen the engineman opens the throttle, steamv passes to the high pressure cylinder chest, and. there being no pressure in the `manifold Ythe valve 61 opens and steam flows 'into the manifold and from thence to the low vpressure cylinders. As soon as exhaust takes place from the high pressure cylinder, there inf/ases is substantial pressure within the manifold and the valve 6l closes. At most the valve 6l. will remain open for one stroke of the piston, after which there will always be pressure in the manifold, steam passing from the manifold through the superheater and from thence into the low pressure cylinder valve chest. If it should so happen that the throttle is open when the valve of the steam chest i9 is in middle position, then steam willpass through the by-pass and manifold to one or both of the chests 53, shortly after which chest 49 will ybe receiving steam. For. all practical purposes, the arrangement may be considered oneby virtue of which all of the cylinders become effective in starting.

The bend in the various upright tubes mentioned taires care of expansioni and contraction. The front of the boiler is carried on the saddle and as'the fire box is ysupported in the usual way on an expansion bearer (not shown) contraction and expansion takes place longitudinally to and from the saddle. rThe various fines can be cleaned out from the hre-bor; or smoke-box and suitable manholes and clean-out plugs may be provided for the drums.

I claim: Y l. In a locomotive boiler, a fire box havan. inner and an outer shell, a hollow mud ring' connected into the circulation of the boiler through the spacebetween shells, and heat transmitting medium in the said space and surrounding the connecting means. 2. In a locomotive, a lire box and a boiler including` a barrel and fiues extendinfr forwardly from the box Vand evaporatinf surfaces in the form of an upper drum. a lower drum, said drums extending longitudinally of the barrel, tubes in the barrel extending' 'between and connecting the drums, and a heat transmitting1 medium in the barrel through which heat developed is transmitted to evaporating surfaces of the boiler.

3. In a locomotive, a pair of upper drums arranged end to end longitudinally of the locomotive, a steam dome between and in communication with said druii'is, lower drum, tube means connecting the upper drums with the lower drum and a heat transmitt ig medium surrounding said means.

4. In a locomotive, a barrel, a drum carried 0n the upper part of the barrel, a drum Acarried by the lower part of the barrel, tubes in the barrel connecting drums, a fire box having iiues passing through the barrel, and a heat transmitting medium in the barrel surrounding' tubes and flues.l y

5. In a locomotive boiler, a barrel, an upper drum, a lower drum, tubes in the barrel connectinpgrthe lrunis, a lire box, flues therefor passing, through the barrel, a superheater, comprising tubes extending in the barrel, said barrel being provided with a heat transmitting medium surrounding said tubes and flues.

6. In a locomotive, a plurality of drums, a lire box, a barrel leading forwardly therefrom having a plurality of spaced flue channels, and boiler tubes connecting the drums and extending in the spaces between flue channels, together with a heat transmitting medium in the barrel surrounding flues and tubes.

7. In a locomotive, a plurality of drums, a lire box, a barrel leading forwardly therefrom, a pair of flue sheets, a flue in the barrel, 'a heat transmitting medium in the barrel around the iiue, and tubes extending through said medium connecting said drums together with tubes in the flue.

8. In a locomotive boiler, a pair of steam drumsarranged end to end and spaced apart, and an elongated steam dome therebetween extending` transversely thereof.

9. In a locomotive boiler, a pair of steam drums arranged end to end along the boiler and spaced apart, and a steam, dome communicating with the drums and being of drumlile construction arranged with its axis transverse the boiler.

10. In a locomotive ay boiler including an upper drum, a lower drum, and plates, all cooperating to form a barrel, together with a combustion chamber rearwardly of the barrel, said chamber having spaced inside and outside sheets, the barrel and the space between the sheets being filled with a heat transmitting medium through which heat is indirectly applied to the evaporating surfaces.

11. In a locomotive, a lire box, sets of iues extending forwardly therefrom, sets of water tubes disposed between the sets of flues in alternate relation thereto, together with a container and a heat transmitting medium therein surrounding tubes and Hues.

12.'In a locomotive,a fire box, parallel i sets of substantially horizontally disposed fines extending from the box, parallel sets of substantially vertically disposed boiler tubes arranged between and in laternate relation to said sets of flues, together with a container and a heat transmitting mediumy therein surrounding tubes and fiues.

13. In a locomotive, a fire box, drums and sheets cooperating to form a barrel, flues extending through said barrel from said boxv and a heat transmitting medium in the barrel contacting with said liues and said drums.

14. In a locomotive, a lire box, drums and sheets cooperating to form a barrel, iiues extending through said barrel from said box', tubes in the barrel connecting the drums and a heat transmitting medium in said barrel contacting with the drums, lues and tubes.

15. In a locomotive boiler, drum means adjacent the upper part of the boiler, drum means adjacent the lower part of the boiler,

a fire box having an inner andan outer shell, a hollowmud ring closingY the spacebetween shells and upcomer and ,downcomer tubes in the said space connecting said first mentioned drum, means and said last mentioned drum means, respectively, with the ring.

1G. In a locomotive boiler, drum means adjacent the upper part of the boiler, drum means adjacent the lower part of the boiler, a fire box having an inner and an outer shell, a hollow mud ring closing the space between shells and upcomer and downcomer tubes in the said space connecting said rst mentioned drum means and said last mentioned drum means, respectively, with the ring, together with a heat transmitting medium between the shells.

17. In a locomotive, a plurality of drums, a fire box, a barrel leading forwardly therefrom, a pair of flue sheets, a flue in the barrel, a heat transmitting medium in the barrel around the iue, and tubes extending through said medium connecting said drums.

18. In a locomotive, a lire box, a barrelextending therefrom, a flue extending through the barrel, a heat transmitting medium in the barrel around the flue and a steam boiler com-A prising tubes in contact with said medium and a drum providing a substantial releasing surface for the water.

19. In a locomotive, a lire box, a barrel extending therefrom, a flue extending through the barrel, a heat transmitting medium in the barrel around the flue and a steam boiler comprising tubes in contact with said medium and a drum providing a substantial releasing surface for the water, together with a superheater, the tubes of which extend in said medium.

20. In a locomotive, a fire box, a barrel extending therefrom, a flue extending through the barrel, a heat transmitting medium in the barrel around the flue and a steam boiler comprising tubes in contact with said medium, drums providing a substantial releasing surface for the water and a tubular steam dome connected to said drums.

2l. In a locomotive, a iire box, a barrel with va superheater communicating with said dome, the tubesY of which extend in said medium. n

22. In. the art ofsteam generation, a fire box, a boiler havingan inner kand an outer shell, a heat transmitting medium in the shell,

boiler tubes in contact with said medium andY a drum providing a substantial releasing surface for the water.

Y 23. In a locomotive, a re box and a boiler i inv-'2,268

including a barrel and iues extending for- Wardly from the boXe'nd evaporating surfaces in the :form of a plurality of elongated drums Varranged in' parallelism butv spaced from each other, tubes in the barrel extending between and connecting tliedrums, and a heat transmitting medium in the barrel through which het developed is transmitted to evaporating surfaces of the boiler.

In testimony whereof, I vhave hereunto signed my name.

- SAMUEL S. RIVEGEL. 

